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Anthoceros agrestis
Anthoceros agrestis, commonly called field hornwort, is a bryophyte of the family Anthocerotaceae. A. agrestis is considered the model species for hornwort biology and is used to study some of the unique traits that hornworts possess, such as their symbiotic relationship with nostoc and their use of pyrenoids to enhance photosynthesis.
This species of Anthoceros is known for having enzymes like cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.13.11), a cytochrome P450-dependent hydroxylase. It is one of the first known plant cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and also one of the best-characterized cytochrome P450 hydroxylases from higher plants.
Production of rosmarinic acid and a rosmarinic acid 3'-O-beta-D-glucoside in suspension cultures of this hornwort was also discovered in 2005.
This hornwort has a circum-boreal distribution across temperate Europe and North America. It is a lowland species found in moist soil in arable fields and ditches. It is listed as vulnerable in the Irish Red Data Book as it is known from fewer than five locations in the country. It occurs at a single location in Northern Ireland, in County Down, and because of its rarity there, it is listed as a Northern Ireland Priority Species.
Hornwort · Anthoceros alpinus · Anthoceros angustifolius · Anthoceros angustus · Anthoceros bharadwajii · Nees’ hornwort · Hornwort · Anthoceros tristanianus · Hornwort · Hornwort
Text excerpted from the Wikipedia article Anthoceros agrestis by its contributors, under CC BY-SA 4.0; the excerpts are shared under the same licence.
