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Bromus grossus
Also called Great Rye Brome
Bromus grossus, the whiskered brome, is a species of flowering plant in the family Poaceae. It is native to central Europe, and has been introduced to Great Britain, New York and Oregon in the United States. It has gone extinct in the Netherlands. During the Neolithic it arose as a weed of spelt fields, and due to changing agricultural practices, it is now considered highly endangered under the Habitats Directive.
Bromus grossus was once a widespread companion of traditional winter cereals such as spelt and rye across the calcareous farmlands of central-western Europe. Historical herbarium records and floristic surveys compiled for Belgium show that, during the late nineteenth century, the grass was recorded from more than seventy 4 × 4 km squares, chiefly on the limestone plateaux flanking the Meuse valley. By the late twentieth century, however, it survived in barely a dozen Belgian localities, and comparable declines have been documented in France, Switzerland and southern Germany. The pattern is closely tied to agricultural intensification: deep ploughing, systematic herbicide use, mineral fertilisers and the near disappearance of on-farm spelt seed stocks have eliminated the shallow-tilled, nutrient-poor field margins where B. grossus completes its annual life cycle.
Aleutian brome · Weedy brome · Nodding brome · Australian brome · Arizona brome · Field brome · Bromus auleticus · Lesser Hairy Brome · Chilean chess · Meadow brome · Patagonian Brome · Rattlesnake brome
Text excerpted from the Wikipedia article Bromus grossus by its contributors, under CC BY-SA 4.0; the excerpts are shared under the same licence.
Life form, climate and native range: World Checklist of Vascular Plants, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (CC BY 3.0), reformatted; see Plants of the World Online.
