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Black fonio

Digitaria iburua

Also called Black Acha

Black fonio
Photo: Krzysztof Golik, CC BY-SA 4.0

Black fonio (Digitaria iburua) is an annual grass grown as a small-grain cereal in dry tropical West and central Africa. It is grown like other millets: sow in the rainy season in open, sunny fields.

Family
Poaceae (Grass family)
Grows as
Grass
Light
Full sun
Water
Rain-fed in the wet season; water during dry spells while establishing.
Soil
Well-drained, sandy to loamy soils; tolerates poor soils.
Temperature
Warm tropical conditions; frost-sensitive.
How easy
Moderate
Safety
Not known to be toxic
Edible
Yes, some parts
Native range
W. Trop. Africa to Cameroon
Climate
seasonally dry tropical

About

Digitaria iburua, commonly known as iburu, is a grass species native to west and west-central tropical Africa, which is cultivated as a grain crop known as black fonio.

Iburu (D. iburua) is closely related to white fonio (D. exilis), a cereal that is more widely grown across West Africa. However, Iburu is taller than fonio, but has smaller grain than fonio. This makes harvesting the grains very labor-intensive. Iburu is mainly grown in the Middle Belt of central Nigeria, as well as in Zinder, Niger.

Other Digitaria plants

African couchgrass · Raishan · Crabgrass · Digitgrass · Fonio · Smooth crabgrass · Indian crabgrass · Hairy crabgrass · Crabgrass

Text excerpted from the Wikipedia article Digitaria iburua by its contributors, under CC BY-SA 4.0; the excerpts and the care summary drawn from them are shared under the same licence.

The care summary was written by AI (Claude, Anthropic) from the sources on this page, with general growing knowledge where they are silent. Check before relying on it.

Life form, climate and native range: World Checklist of Vascular Plants, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (CC BY 3.0), reformatted; see Plants of the World Online.

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