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Gymnadenia nigra, the black vanilla orchid, is a small wild perennial orchid of European mountain meadows, not usually grown in gardens. It is protected in many places, so it should be enjoyed in the wild rather than dug up.
Gymnadenia nigra, also known as the black vanilla orchid, is a species of orchid and the provincial flower of Jämtland, a historical province of Sweden. It is a perennial species found in the major mountain ranges of Europe, including the Pyrenees and the Alps, into the Balkans and central Scandinavia, though its population has declined in the past decades due to over-harvesting. In some countries, including Italy, it is listed as an endangered species. It has a maximum height of 25 cm.
Austrian Gymnadenia · Black Vanilla Orchid · Bicolor Fragrant Orchid · Gymnadenia bicornis · Heath fragrant orchid · Fragrant orchid · Cornelia’s Orchid · Gymnadenia crassinervis · Gymnadenia dolomitensis · Gymnadenia hygrophila · Austrian Gymnadenia · Red Vanilla Orchid
Text excerpted from the Wikipedia article Gymnadenia nigra by its contributors, under CC BY-SA 4.0; the excerpts and the care summary drawn from them are shared under the same licence.
The care summary was written by AI (Claude, Anthropic) from the sources on this page, with general growing knowledge where they are silent. Check before relying on it.
Life form, climate and native range: World Checklist of Vascular Plants, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (CC BY 3.0), reformatted; see Plants of the World Online.
