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Ischaemum rugosum
Also called Murain Grass, Muraino Grass, Ribbed Muraina Grass, Saramatta Grass, Wrinkled Duck Beak, Wrinkled Grass
Ischaemum rugosum, also known as saramollagrass, is a flowering plant belonging to the grass family Poaceae in the genus Ischaemum, and is native to tropical and temperate regions of Asia, growing in marshes and other wet habitats. It is a vigorous annual, and is an invasive species in South America and Madagascar. It reaches heights of up to 1 m and is primarily recognized by the ridged surface of its sessile spikelet's lower glume. Despite its historic importance as fodder in Asia, the grass has become a major weed in mid-latitude rice paddies throughout Asia and South America.
The species grows in water, wet grasslands, moist river banks, and drainage ditches, and is important to grazing animals in the regions to which it is native. Its vigorous nature gives it a high invasive potential, and it is a well-known agricultural weed throughout the moist tropics. Within the optimum temperature range of germination from 20–30 °C, a 2015 study observed a 97.5% germination rate in lab conditions, which attests to its competitiveness as an invasive species. However, germination is restricted to sufficiently moist soil, and completely inhibited in darkness, which may inform future directions in weed management.
Hilo murainagrass · Ischaemum jayachandranii · Ischaemum nativitatis · Paddle Grass · Murainagrass
Text excerpted from the Wikipedia article Ischaemum rugosum by its contributors, under CC BY-SA 4.0; the excerpts are shared under the same licence.
Life form, climate and native range: World Checklist of Vascular Plants, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (CC BY 3.0), reformatted; see Plants of the World Online.
