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Black willow

Salix nigra

Also called Swamp Willow, Dudley Willow, Goodding

Black willow
Photo: Bruce Marlin, CC BY-SA 2.5

Black willow (Salix nigra) is a fast-growing deciduous tree, the largest North American willow, native from eastern Canada to Mexico and typically found along streams and in swamps. It thrives with full sun and consistently moist or wet soil.

Family
Salicaceae (Willow family)
Grows as
Tree
Light
Full sun
Water
Keep soil consistently moist; it tolerates standing water and flooding.
Soil
Moist, wet or heavy soil; tolerates clay and poor drainage.
Temperature
Hardy to cold winters; tolerates heat of southern US climates.
How easy
Easy
Native range
E. Canada to Mexico
Climate
temperate

About

Salix nigra, or the black willow, is a species of willow native to a large portion of North America, from New Brunswick and southern Ontario west to Arizona and California, and south to northern Florida and Texas.

Where it grows

Salix nigra is native to a large portion of North America, from New Brunswick and southern Ontario west to California and Arizona, and south to northern Florida and Texas. It is also found in parts of Mexico, both south and west of the Rio Grande. It has also been introduced along streams in the state of Utah. Salix nigra grows best in areas of full sun and wet or moist soils. Thus, it is typically found along streams and in swamps.

Uses

Black willow roots are very bitter and have been used as a substitute for quinine in the past. Ethnobotanical uses of black willow by various Native American tribes include basketry, and treatment of fever, headache, and coughs.

Other Salix plants

Siberian Violet Willow · White willow · Salix alpina · Arctic willow · Eared willow · Peking Willow · Goat Willow · Pussy willow · Olive Willow · Salix excelsa · Narrowleaf willow · Salix fargesii

Text excerpted from the Wikipedia article Salix nigra by its contributors, under CC BY-SA 4.0; the excerpts and the care summary drawn from them are shared under the same licence.

The care summary was written by AI (Claude, Anthropic) from the sources on this page, with general growing knowledge where they are silent. Check before relying on it.

Life form, climate and native range: World Checklist of Vascular Plants, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (CC BY 3.0), reformatted; see Plants of the World Online.

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