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Taraxacum mongolicum
Mongolian dandelion is a small perennial herb from temperate East Asia that forms a basal rosette of lobed leaves with yellow flower heads, and it is valued in traditional East Asian medicine. It is a tough, adaptable plant that spreads readily in open ground.
Taraxacum mongolicum, commonly known as Mongolian dandelion or Chinese dandelion, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is a perennial herb native to temperate regions of East Asia, including China, Mongolia, Korea, Japan, Taiwan, and parts of eastern Russia. The plant typically grows between 8 and 25 cm tall, producing a basal rosette of lobed green leaves and solitary yellow flower heads on hollow, hairy stems. It is commonly found in disturbed habitats such as grasslands, roadsides, and cultivated areas, and reproduces primarily through agamospermy.
The species has been traditionally used in East Asian medicine, where it has been applied in the treatment of inflammatory and infectious conditions. Modern studies have investigated its potential pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects.
Taraxacum mongolicum has been studied for its diverse flavonoid content and potential pharmacological uses. Researchers have optimized the extraction of these flavonoids using Box–Behnken response surface methodology and identified their chemical structures through liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
Several major flavonoids were identified for the first time in T. mongolicum, including hesperetin-5′-O-β-rhamnoglucoside, hesperetin-7-glucuronide, kaempferol-3-glucoside, baicalein, and hyperoside. These are plant-derived polyphenols, many of which are known for their antioxidant or anti-inflammatory activity. Notably, hesperetin-5′-O-β-rhamnoglucoside was recognized as a previously unreported compound with significant antioxidant activity (IC50 = 8.72 mg/L in DPPH radical scavenging).
Taraxacum mongolicum is native to Europe and Asia, where it naturally occurs in grassland ecosystems and other open, disturbed habitats. It is well-adapted to a variety of soil types and climates, particularly in temperate regions. In its native range, it has long been a common species in uplands, fields, and along roadsides.
Japanese dandelion · Taraxacum farinosum · Taraxacum mirabile · Common dandelion · Dandelion
Text excerpted from the Wikipedia article Taraxacum mongolicum by its contributors, under CC BY-SA 4.0; the excerpts and the care summary drawn from them are shared under the same licence.
The care summary was written by AI (Claude, Anthropic) from the sources on this page, with general growing knowledge where they are silent. Check before relying on it.
Life form, climate and native range: World Checklist of Vascular Plants, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (CC BY 3.0), reformatted; see Plants of the World Online.
