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Pinus pinaster
Also called Cluster Pine, Atlantic Maritime Pine, Pinaster Pine, Cluster Pine, Maritime Pine
Maritime pine is a large, fast-growing conifer native to the western Mediterranean and Atlantic coast of Europe, grown mainly as a timber and ornamental tree in warm temperate climates. It needs full sun, well-drained soil and room to grow, as it becomes a big tree.
Pinus pinaster, the maritime pine is a species of conifer in the family Pinaceae, a pine native to the south Atlantic Europe region and parts of the western Mediterranean. It is a fast growing hard pine with long needles and large cones with medium-sized seeds with large wings.
Pinus pinaster is widely planted for timber in its native area, being one of the most important trees in forestry in France, Spain and Portugal. Landes forest in southwest France is the largest man-made maritime pine forest in Europe. It has also been cultivated in Australia as plantation tree, to provide softwood timber. P. pinaster resin is a useful source of turpentine and rosin.
In addition to industrial uses, maritime pine is a popular ornamental tree, often planted in parks and gardens in areas with warm temperate climates. It has become naturalised in parts of southern England, Uruguay, Argentina, South Africa and Australia.
Its range is in the western Mediterranean Basin and the southern Atlantic coast of Europe, extending from central Portugal and Northern Spain (especially in Galicia) to southern and Western France, east to western Italy, Croatia and south to northern Tunisia, Algeria and northern Morocco. It favours a Mediterranean climate, with cool, rainy winters and hot, dry summers. North of its native range, it is also naturalised (and locally invasive) in southern England.
Rocky Mountains Bristlecone Pine · Arizona Pine · Chinese White Pine · Mexican White Pine · Jack pine · Turkish Pine · Lacebark Pine · Canary Islands Pine · Caribbean pine · Swiss Pine · Mexican Pinyon · Sand Pine
Text excerpted from the Wikipedia article Pinus pinaster by its contributors, under CC BY-SA 4.0; the excerpts and the care summary drawn from them are shared under the same licence.
The care summary was written by AI (Claude, Anthropic) from the sources on this page, with general growing knowledge where they are silent. Check before relying on it.
Life form, climate and native range: World Checklist of Vascular Plants, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (CC BY 3.0), reformatted; see Plants of the World Online.
